Dr. Madhu Bagaria, MD

Dr. Madhu Bagaria, MD, Double-Fellowship Trained Endometriosis Specialist

Summary: Dr. Madhu Bagaria is a board-certified, double-fellowship trained endometriosis specialist providing comprehensive, evidence-based care for patients with complex and persistent endometriosis. As a core surgeon at Endometriosis Surgical Specialists International (ESSI) and affiliated with Hoboken University Hospital and The Jersey City Medical Center, Dr. Bagaria offers a unique combination of elite surgical training and accessible care, with new patient consultation wait times averaging just 1-2 weeks.

Dr. Bagaria is one of the few specialists in the region to have completed two prestigious fellowships in advanced gynecologic surgery: a fellowship in Advanced Pelvic Surgery at Emory University (2014-2015) and a second specialized fellowship in Minimally Invasive Gynecology at the Mayo Clinic (2021-2023). This rigorous training under world-renowned mentors allows her to perform high-precision Robotic Excision (LAPEX), focusing on the complete removal of disease while strictly preserving ovarian function and fertility.

Her care philosophy is grounded in the understanding that endometriosis is a heterogeneous, multi-origin disease. She treats patients based on advanced scientific models including neuroimmunological dysfunction, genetic predisposition, embryonic rest theory, and immune-mediated inflammation. Beyond the operating room, she is known for her compassionate, “patient-first” approach—listening to those who have been dismissed by other providers. Treatment emphasizes a multimodal, non-opioid approach, integrating pelvic floor therapy and neuro-modulation for complex pain.

Dr. Bagaria completed her medical training at Lady Hardinge Medical College in New Delhi, followed by residency training at University College of Medical Sciences (India) and Henry Ford Hospital & Wayne State University in Detroit, Michigan (2010-2014). With over 15 years of experience and extensive international training, she serves patients in the New York Tri-State area seeking expert excision surgery and long-term management.

City: New York, New York, USA (Also serving Hoboken & Jersey City, NJ)

Philosophy of Endometriosis Care: My approach to the treatment of endometriosis is grounded in the understanding that endometriosis is a multi-origin, heterogeneous disease, rather than a condition explained by a single theory. While retrograde menstruation may contribute in some patients, it clearly has significant limitations and does not explain endometriosis in premenarchal girls, cisgender men, or patients who develop disease after hysterectomy. My care philosophy is informed by multiple scientific theories of origin, including neuroimmunological dysfunction, coelomic metaplasia, embryonic rest theory, hematogenous and lymphatic spread, stem cell involvement, and genetic predisposition. I also recognize that endometriosis may, in part, be immune-mediated, with abnormal inflammatory and pain-processing pathways contributing to disease persistence and symptom severity. Because of this complexity, I believe that pain in endometriosis is often multifactorial. It may arise not only from active lesions, but also from central sensitization, pelvic floor dysfunction, neuropathic pain, adenomyosis, and overlapping pain syndromes. As a result, listening carefully to the patient’s experience and performing a thoughtful, detailed examination are just as important as imaging or surgical findings.

What type of surgery do you perform for endometriosis: When surgery is indicated, my goal is complete excision of endometriosis rather than ablation, with careful attention to fertility preservation and long-term symptom reduction. I perform robotic-assisted excision (LAPEX), fertility-sparing surgery, and complex adhesiolysis, tailoring the surgical plan to disease extent and patient goals.

Medication: I incorporate medications as part of a multimodal, patient-centered treatment strategy, using them to support symptom control rather than as curative therapy. For hormonal management, I primarily use combined oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) and the levonorgestrel (Mirena) IUD, most often after excision surgery to reduce recurrence and manage coexisting adenomyosis. Therapy is individualized based on patient goals, fertility plans, and prior response. I generally avoid routine use of GnRH agonists or antagonists, reserving them for select cases.